Cara Menginstal MariaDB di CentOS 8 / RHEL 8

MariaDB adalah salah satu sistem manajemen basis data sumber terbuka paling populer yang digunakan oleh perusahaan kecil hingga besar. Ini adalah cabang dari server database terkenal MySQL, dikembangkan oleh MariaDB Corporation Ab, dipimpin oleh pengembang asli MySQL.

MariaDB sepenuhnya kompatibel dengan MySQL untuk memastikan kemampuan penggantian drop-in. MariaDB sering digunakan sebagai server database di tumpukan LAMP dan LEMP.

BACA: Cara Memasang LAMP Stack Di CentOS 8 / RHEL 8

BACA: Cara Memasang LEMP Stack Di CentOS 8 / RHEL 8

Dalam posting ini, kita akan melihat cara menginstal MariaDB di CentOS 8 / RHEL 8.

Instal MariaDB di CentOS 8 / RHEL 8

Anda dapat memperoleh paket MariaDB untuk CentOS 8 / RHEL 8 dengan dua cara.

• Repositori Red Hat (v10.3)
• Cermin MariaDB Resmi (v10.4)

Instal MariaDB dari Repositori AppStream

Menginstal MariaDB dari repositori AppStream sangatlah mudah. Namun, repositori mungkin memiliki paket MariaDB versi lama.

yum -y install @mariadb

Instal MariaDB dari Mirror MariaDB Resmi

Yayasan MariaDB menawarkan paket MariaDB untuk CentOS 8 / RHEL 8. Paket yang disediakan oleh MariaDB selalu baru dan didukung oleh komunitas MariaDB.

CentOS 8

cat <<EOF >> /etc/yum.repos.d/mariadb.repo
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/10.4/centos8-amd64
gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1
EOF

RHEL 8

cat <<EOF >> /etc/yum.repos.d/mariadb.repo
[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/10.4/rhel8-amd64
gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1
EOF

Instal server MariaDB menggunakan perintah berikut.

Kita perlu menonaktifkan repositori rhel-8-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms dan AppStream untuk sementara di RHEL 8 dan CentOS 8 masing-masing untuk memungkinkan yum mengunduh paket dari mirror MariaDB.

### CentOS 8 ###

yum install -y boost-program-options
yum --disablerepo=AppStream install -y MariaDB-server MariaDB-client

### RHEL 8 ###

yum --disablerepo=rhel-8-for-x86_64-appstream-rpms install -y MariaDB-server MariaDB-client

Kelola Layanan MariaDB

Jika Anda ingin memulai/menghentikan layanan MariaDB, Anda dapat menggunakan perintah berikut.

systemctl start mariadb

systemctl stop mariadb

Verifikasi apakah MariaDB berjalan atau tidak.

systemctl status mariadb

Instalasi MariaDB Aman

Gunakan perintah mysql_secure_installation untuk melakukan setup awal server MariaDB. Perintah ini disarankan untuk dijalankan di server produksi. Ini menghapus pengguna anonim, menguji database, dan melarang login root jarak jauh.

mysql_secure_installation

NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
      SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MariaDB, and
haven't set the root password yet, you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none):  << Just Press Enter 
OK, successfully used password, moving on...

Setting the root password or using the unix_socket ensures that nobody
can log into the MariaDB root user without the proper authorisation.

You already have your root account protected, so you can safely answer 'n'.

Switch to unix_socket authentication [Y/n] N  << Disable Unix Socket Authendication to Enable Password Authentication
 ... skipping.

You already have your root account protected, so you can safely answer 'n'.

Change the root password? [Y/n] Y  << Set MariaDB root password
New password:  << Enter root password
Re-enter new password:  << Re-Enter root password
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
 ... Success!


By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y  << Remove Anonymous user
 ... Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] Y  << Disallow root login remotely
 ... Success!

By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y  << Remove test database
 - Dropping test database...
 ... Success!
 - Removing privileges on test database...
 ... Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y  << Reload privilege tables
 ... Success!

Cleaning up...

All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MariaDB!

Akses MariaDB

Login ke server MariaDB dengan perintah di bawah ini.

mysql -u root -p

Kata sandi diperlukan

Kesimpulan

Itu saja. Dalam posting ini, Anda telah mempelajari cara menginstal MariaDB di CentOS 8 / RHEL 8 dan melakukan pengaturan awal. Baca Artikel MariaDB Pemula untuk mempelajari lebih lanjut tentang bekerja dengan MariaDB.