MariaDB adalah salah satu sistem manajemen database open-source populer yang digunakan oleh perusahaan kecil hingga besar. Ini adalah fork dari MySQL, dikembangkan oleh MariaDB Corporation Ab, dipimpin oleh pengembang asli MySQL.
MariaDB sepenuhnya kompatibel dengan database MySQL untuk memastikan kemampuan penggantian drop-in dan digunakan sebagai server database di tumpukan LAMP dan LEMP.
Dalam posting ini, kita akan melihat cara menginstal MariaDB di CentOS 7 / RHEL 7.
Instal MariaDB di CentOS 7 / RHEL 7
Anda dapat menginstal paket MariaDB di CentOS 7 / RHEL 7 menggunakan dua sumber.
- Cermin MariaDB Resmi (v10.6)
- Repositori Basis OS (v5.5)
Instal MariaDB dari Mirror MariaDB Resmi
Yayasan MariaDB menawarkan paket MariaDB untuk CentOS 7 / RHEL 7. Paket yang disediakan oleh komunitas MariaDB selalu baru dan didukung oleh mereka.
Tambahkan repositori MariaDB ke sistem yang ditawarkan MariaDB untuk CentOS 7 / RHEL 7.
### CentOS 7 ### cat <<EOF >> /etc/yum.repos.d/mariadb.repo [mariadb] name = MariaDB baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/10.6/centos7-amd64 gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB gpgcheck=1 EOF ### RHEL 7 ### cat <<EOF >> /etc/yum.repos.d/mariadb.repo [mariadb] name = MariaDB baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/10.6/rhel7-amd64 gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB gpgcheck=1 EOF
Instal server MariaDB menggunakan perintah berikut.
yum install -y MariaDB-server MariaDB-client
Instal MariaDB dari Basis Repositori
Menginstal MariaDB dari repositori OS dasar adalah cara yang mudah. Namun, repositori mungkin memiliki versi paket MariaDB yang agak lama.
yum -y install mariadb-server mariadb
Kelola Layanan MariaDB
Mulai layanan MariaDB dengan perintah berikut.
systemctl start mariadb
Verifikasi apakah MariaDB berjalan atau tidak.
systemctl status mariadb
Aktifkan layanan MariaDB untuk memulai secara otomatis saat startup sistem.
systemctl enable mariadb
Instalasi MariaDB Aman
Gunakan perintah mysql_secure_installation untuk melakukan pengaturan awal server MariaDB.
Perintah ini umumnya disarankan untuk dijalankan di server Linux produksi untuk menghapus pengguna anonim, menguji database, dan melarang login root jarak jauh.
mysql_secure_installation
Cermin MariaDB Resmi
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MariaDB, and
haven't set the root password yet, you should just press enter here.
Enter current password for root (enter for none): << Just press enter
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Setting the root password or using the unix_socket ensures that nobody
can log into the MariaDB root user without the proper authorisation.
You already have your root account protected, so you can safely answer 'n'.
Switch to unix_socket authentication [Y/n] N << Disable Unix Socket Authentication
... skipping.
You already have your root account protected, so you can safely answer 'n'.
Change the root password? [Y/n] Y << Change Root Password
New password: << Enter Password
Re-enter new password: << Re-Enter Password
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!
By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y << Remove Anonymous Users
... Success!
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] Y << Disallow root login remotely
... Success!
By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y << Remove test database
- Dropping test database...
... Success!
- Removing privileges on test database...
... Success!
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y << Reload Tables
... Success!
Cleaning up...
All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.
Thanks for using MariaDB!
Repositori OS Dasar
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MariaDB, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.
Enter current password for root (enter for none): << Just Press Enter
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
root user without the proper authorisation.
Set root password? [Y/n] Y << Set MariaDB root password
New password: << Enter password
Re-enter new password: << Re-Enter password
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!
By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y << Remove Anonymous user
... Success!
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] Y << Disasslow root login remotely
... Success!
By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y << Remove test database
- Dropping test database...
... Success!
- Removing privileges on test database...
... Success!
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y << Reload Tables
... Success!
Cleaning up...
All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.
Thanks for using MariaDB! Akses MariaDB
Masuk ke server MariaDB.
mysql -u root -pJika Anda telah menginstal MariaDB dari repositori resmi, Anda tidak perlu memasukkan kata sandi untuk masuk ke shell MariaDB saat Anda adalah pengguna root Unix.
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 22 Server version: 10.4.7-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]>
Instal phpMyAdmin
Jika Anda baru mengenal MariaDB, pertimbangkan untuk menginstal phpMyAdmin untuk mengelola database melalui browser web.
BACA: Cara Instal phpMyAdmin dengan Apache di CentOS 7 / RHEL 7
BACA: Cara Instal phpMyAdmin dengan Nginx di CentOS 7 / RHEL 7
Kesimpulan
Itu saja. Saya harap Anda telah mempelajari cara menginstal MariaDB di CentOS 7 / RHEL 7 dan melakukan pengaturan awal. Baca Artikel MariaDB Pemula untuk mengetahui lebih banyak tentang bekerja dengan MariaDB.